Crossmodal interactions between audition and taste: A systematic review and narrative synthesis

Taste perception results from integrating all the senses. In case of audition, research shows that people can associate certain auditory parameters (e.g., pitch) with basic tastes. Likewise, surrounding sonic environment noise, music) may influence individuals’ evaluation taste attributes foods and drinks. This paper presents first pre-registered systematic examination literature on crossmodal interactions between audition taste. For purpose, four indexing services (EBSCOhost, SCOPUS, Web Science, PubMed) were searched using three sets keywords Empirical, quantitative studies healthy subjects in field, lab, or online settings considered for inclusion. A total 2484 records (n = 1481 after removing duplicates) subject to abstract title screening, followed by a full-text screening 79). Sixty articles, reporting 94 eligible studies, reviewed. Results suggest be crossmodally associated a) pitch musical instruments; b) words, nonwords, speech sounds; c) music soundtracks. Moreover, reviewed evidence supports employment stimuli context modulation, specifically familiar music; custom soundtracks, tones, soundscapes. Overall, this review provides comprehensive outlook multisensory The show has relevant contribution important implications how drinks are perceived. theoretical practical these findings discussed.